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Lightweight,
slow-flying aeroplanes that are subject to minimum regulation.
In countries where there is no specific regulation, ultralights
are considered regular aircraft and subject to certification
requirements for both aircraft and pilot.
The first generation of modern ultralights were actually hang
gliders
with small engines added to them, for self-launching. The wings
on these were braced by wires, and steered by shifting the
pilot's weight under the wing.
The second generation ultralights were powered
aircraft, with wire bracing and single-surface wings.
Most of these have "2-Axis" control systems, operated by stick
or yoke, which control the elevators (pitch) and the rudder
(yaw)
The third generation ultralights have
strut-braced wings and airframe structure. Nearly all use
3-Axis control systems, In 2007 the first ultralight powered
by a lithium-ion battery driving an electric motor appeared,
the ElectraFlyer designed by Randall Fishman.
There are several types of aircraft which qualify as
ultralights, but which do not have fixed-wing designs. These
include:
Weight shift -Trikes while the first generation ultralights were also
controlled by weight shift, most of the current weight shift
ultralights use a hang glider-style winga nd are controlled by
pushing against a horizontal bar in roughly the same way as a
hang glider pilot flies.
Powered parachutes - cart mounted engines or motor scooters with parafoil
wing
Powered paragliding - backpack engines with parafoil wing, which are
foot-launched.
Gyroplane - rotary wing with cart mounted engine (see autogyro), a
gyrocopter is different from a helicopter in that the rotating
wing is not powered, the engine provides forward thrust and the
airflow through the rotary blades causes them to autorotate
Helicopter - there are a number of single-seat and two-place helicopters
which fall under the microlight categories
Hot air balloon - there are numerous ultralight hot air balloons .Some
ultralight hot air balloons are hopper balloons, while others
are regular hot air balloons that carry passengers in a basket.
Paragliding
is a recreational and competitive flying sport. A paraglider is a free-flying,
foot-launched aircraft. The pilot sits in a harness suspended below a fabric
wing, whose shape is formed by the pressure of air entering vents
in the front of the wing.
Powered paragliding, also known as paramotoring, is a form of ultralight
aviation where the pilot wears a small motor on his/her back (a paramotor) and
runs into the air with lift from a paraglider wing
An ultralight trike, also known as a Flex-wing trike or Weight-Shift
Microlight, is a type of powered hang glider using the Rogallo wing coupled to a
propeller-powered three-wheeled undercarriage.
Hang gliding is an air activity in which a pilot flies an unpowered, light,
foot-launchable aircraft called a hang glider. Hang gliding is mainly a
recreational air sport, though it has also been used in commerce and for
military applications. A foot-launched powered hang glider (FLPHG), also called
powered harness, nanolight or hangmotor,
is a powered hang glider harness with a motor and propeller in pusher
configuration.
A powered parachute (motorized parachute, PPC, paraplane) is a parachute
with motor and wheels. may be f
lown without a license but. 5 to 12 hours of Flight instruction is, however,
highly recommended,
A "glider" is an unpowered aircraft. today used for sporting
purposes. of gliding, or soaring. The term "sailplane"
is sometimes used for these types, implying a glider with a high soaring
performance. the term 'glider' also encompasses hang gliders and paragliders.
differing in not having a fuselage, control surfaces or a control column.
The manufacturers of high-performance gliders now often list an optional engine
and a retractable propeller that
can be used to sustain flight if required; these are known as 'self-sustaining'
'self-launching' gliders.
Jet packs , Flying
platforms , Backpack helicopters , Powered hang glider ,
Powered paraglider , Hang glider , Paraglider ,
Individual personal aircraft,
Aerothrust Velocity powered paraglider , Baumgärtl Heliofly ,
Bell Rocket Belt , Bell Jet Belt ,Bell Pogo - a two-man flying
platform based on the Bell Rocket Belt. , Gluhareff MEG-1 , Gluhareff MEG-2 ,
Gluhareff MEG-3 , Hiller VZ-1 - flying platform. , Moore Jet vest , Murray M-1 ,
Pentecost HX-1 Hoppi-Copter , Polyot Yula , Powered hang glider harness ,
Powered paraglider harness ,
RB2000 Rocket Belt , SoloTrek XFV ,Thiokol Jump Belt ,Wiliams WASP .
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